To conserve species, habitats, and ecosystems from excessive extinction rates and the erosion of biotic interactions, scientists have developed a field of research known as conservation biology. It is a multifaceted field that includes elements of both the natural and social sciences, as well as the application of management theory to natural resources. When discussing conservation biology, it is common to use the phrase "Discipline with a deadline." It's due to the alarming rate at which well-established biological systems disappear worldwide. Researching the population ecology (distribution, movement, demography, effective population size, inbreeding depression, and minimal population viability) of uncommon or endangered species is an integral part of conservation biology. In other words, conservation biology studies how to keep the evolutionary processes that produce genetic, population, species, and ecological variety going strong. Estimates suggest that half of all species on Earth will go extinct within the next 50 years, which has exacerbated poverty and hunger and altered the planet's evolutionary trajectory.

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